FOR TEACHERS ONLY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION LIVING ENVIRONMENT Tuesday, January 25, 2011 — 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions to the Teacher:
Refer to the directions on page 2 before rating student papers.
Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be posted on the
New York State Education Department’s web site during the rating period. Check this web site http://www.p12.nysed.gov/osa/ and select the link “Examination Scoring Information” for any recently posted information regarding this examination. This site should be checked before the rating process for this examination begins and several times throughout the Regents examination period.
Part A and Part B–1 Allow 1 credit for each correct response. Part B–1
1 . . . . .3. . . . . 11 . . . . .1 . . . . 21 . . . . .4. . . . .
31 . . . . .2. . . . . 39 . . . . .2. . . . .
2 . . . . .3. . . . . 12 . . . . .3. . . . . 22 . . . . .3. . . . .
32 . . . . .4. . . . . 40 . . . . .1. . . . .
3 . . . . .3. . . . . 13 . . . . .3. . . . . 23 . . . . .2. . . . .
33 . . . . .2. . . . . 41 . . . . .4. . . . .
4 . . . . .2. . . . . 14 . . . . .4. . . . . 24 . . . . .1. . . . .
34 . . . . .3. . . . . 42 . . . . .4. . . . .
5 . . . . .3. . . . . 15 . . . . .2. . . . . 25 . . . . .1. . . . .
35 . . . . .3. . . . . 43 . . . . .1. . . . .
6 . . . . 1. . . . . 16 . . . . .3. . . . . 26 . . . . .4. . . . .
36 . . . . .2. . . . . 44 . . . . .1. . . . .
7 . . . . .3. . . . . 17 . . . . .3. . . . . 27 . . . . .3. . . . .
37 . . . . .4. . . . . 45 . . . . .2. . . . .
8 . . . . .4. . . . . 18 . . . . .2. . . . . 28 . . . . .4. . . . .
38 . . . . .3. . . . .
9 . . . . .3. . . . . 19 . . . . .1. . . . . 29 . . . . .2. . . . .
10 . . . . .1. . . . . 20 . . . . .2. . . . . 30 . . . . .1. . . . .
Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Regents Examination in Living
Environment. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information Booklet for Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences.
Use only red ink or red pencil in rating Regents papers. Do not attempt to correct the student’s work
by making insertions or changes of any kind.
Allow 1 credit for each correct response for multiple-choice questions.
On the detachable answer sheet for Part A and Part B–1, indicate by means of a check mark each
incorrect or omitted answer to multiple-choice questions. In the box provided in the upper right corner of the answer sheet, record the number of questions the student answered correctly for each of these parts.
At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of the Part B–2, Part C, and Part D open-
ended questions on a student’s paper. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score all the open-ended questions on a student’s answer paper.
Students’ responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-
ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge as indicated by the examples in the rating guide. In the student’s examination booklet, record the number of credits earned for each answer in the box printed to the right of the answer lines or spaces for that question.
Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given for a response. If the student
gives more than one answer to a question, only the first answer should be rated. Units need not be given when the wording of the questions allows such omissions.
Raters should enter the scores earned for Part A, Part B–1, Part B–2, Part C, and Part D on the
appropriate lines in the box printed on the answer sheet and should add these five scores and enter the total in the box labeled “Total Raw Score.” Then the student’s raw score should be converted to a scaled score by using the conversion chart that will be posted on the Department’s web site http://www.p12.nysed.gov/osa/ on Tuesday, January 25, 2011. The student’s scaled score should be entered in the box labeled “Final Score” on the student’s answer sheet. The scaled score is the student’s final examination score.
All student answer papers that receive a scaled score of 60 through 64 must be scored a second time.
For the second scoring, a different committee of teachers may score the student’s paper or the original committee may score the paper, except that no teacher may score the same open-ended questions that he/she scored in the first rating of the paper. The school principal is responsible for assuring that the student’s final examination score is based on a fair, accurate, and reliable scoring of the student’s answer paper.
Because scaled scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one
examination to another, it is crucial that for each administration, the conversion chart provided for that administration be used to determine the student’s final score.
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
Part B–2
46 [1] Allow 1 credit for marking an appropriate scale on each axis. 47 [1] Allow 1 credit for correctly plotting freshwater data, surrounding each point with a small circle,
48 [1] Allow 1 credit for correctly plotting seawater data, surrounding each point with a small triangle, Example of a 3-credit response to questions 46–48: Concentration of Oxygen in Water Oxygen Concentration Temperature (°C) Note: Allow credit only if circles and triangles are used.
Make no assumptions about the origin unless it is labeled. Do not allow credit for plotting points that are not in the data table, e.g., (0, 0), or for extending lines beyond the data points. Do not deduct more than 1 credit for plotting points that are not in the data table or for extending lines beyond the data points.
49 [1] Allow 1 credit for response between 6 ppm and 7.5 ppm. 50 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— As temperature increases, oxygen concentration decreases.
— As temperature decreases, oxygen concentration increases.
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
51 4 52 2 53 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The scents are very specific for the insect they attract. — Pesticides disrupt food webs. — Pesticides affect organisms other than mosquitoes. — Over time, more insects that are resistant to the pesticide would appear in the
54 3 55 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The reaction will slow down because it is below the optimal temperature.
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
56 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Potassium helps plants grow. — Potassium is not needed by plants for proper growth. — Plants missing potassium will not grow tall. — Plants lacking potassium will not be green.
Note: Do not allow credit for a hypothesis written in the form of a question.
57 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— number/size of leaves/roots — amount/percent of leaf discoloration — daily growth
Note: The type of data must be measurable. Allow credit for an answer consistent with the
58 [3] Allow a maximum of 3 credits, allocated as follows: • Allow 1 credit for identifying the major problem that may occur when tissues and organs
donated by another individual are used. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• Allow 1 credit for explaining why this problem may occur. Acceptable responses include, but
— foreign proteins from donated/tissues/organs trigger immune response — immune system attacks foreign tissues/organs
• Allow 1 credit for explaining why this problem will not occur if tissues and organs produced by
stem cells from the patient are used. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Proteins in tissues/organs will be the same as those of the patient, so the immune system
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
59 [3] Allow a maximum of 3 credits, allocated as follows: • Allow 1 credit for explaining how the exposure to penicillin affects the survival of some
bacteria in the population. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Bacteria may vary in their susceptibility to penicillin, and resistant ones survive.
— In the bacteria that survive, there are naturally occurring variations that provide
— When exposed to penicillin, more of the resistant ones survive.
• Allow 1 credit for explaining why the frequency of penicillin-resistant bacteria can change over
time within the population. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— When exposed to penicillin, the frequency of resistant bacteria will increase as those that
— The resistant bacteria will survive and they will produce offspring that are resistant.
• Allow 1 credit for explaining how it is still possible to cure patients who are infected with
penicillin-resistant bacteria. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Patients can be treated with antibiotics other than penicillin.
60 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
61 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— burning fossil fuels — deforestation
— establishing landfills — raising cattle
— treating raw sewage — producing synthetic fertilizers
— air conditioner leaks — use of certain aerosols
62 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— higher sea levels — habitat loss — climate change
63 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— They would use less electricity, resulting in less fossil fuels being burned. — Reduced energy use would decrease the amount of fossil fuels burned.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Lack of water could result in dehydration, which interferes with cell functions. — temperature, because different species are adapted to live in different climates
65 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— lack of natural predators — Food/prey may be extremely abundant in the new environment. — breed and multiply in the new environment
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
66 [1] Allow 1 credit for identifying fish A, B, and C and writing the name of each fish in the
column labeled “Scientific Name” in the table.
Note: Allow this credit even if the genus (C.) is not included.
67 [2] Allow a maximum of 2 credits, allocated as follows: • Allow 1 credit for selecting two characteristics from the dichotomous key that are useful for
determining the identity of fish A, B, and C and labeling the headings for the last two columns in the table.
• Allow 1 credit for correctly completing the last two columns in the table. Example of a 3-credit response for questions 66 and 67: Pelvic Fin Spot Near Fish Scientific Subgroup Dorsal Fin Filament C. ephippium light large C. kleinii dark none C. auriga light small
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
68 [2] Allow a maximum of 2 credits, 1 credit for correctly filling in the missing mRNA bases and
1 credit for correctly filling in the amino acid sequence that corresponds to the DNA base sequence.
Example of a 2-credit response: Note: Allow credit for an amino acid sequence that is consistent with the student’s response for 72 [1] Allow 1 credit for species B and supporting the answer. Acceptable responses include, but are
— because it has more characteristics in common with the rare species
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
74 [2] Allow a maximum of 2 credits, 1 credit for completing both columns for each of the finches. Example of a 2-credit response: Competes State one reason why it competes or does not compete with the large tree finch. Tree Finch large/small The large tree finch eats mainly animal food, while the ground finch large/small ground finch eats mainly plant food. warbler finch The warbler finch may eat different animals. They both eat animal food.
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the January 2011 Regents Examination in Living Environment will be posted on the Department’s web site http://www.p12.nysed.gov/osa/ on Tuesday, January 25, 2011. Conversion charts provided for previous administrations of the Regents Examination in Living Environment must NOT be used to determine students’ final scores for this administration. Online Submission of Teacher Evaluations of the Test to the Department
Suggestions and feedback from teachers provide an important contribution to the test
development process. The Department provides an online evaluation form for State assessments. It contains spaces for teachers to respond to several specific questions and to make suggestions. Instructions for completing the evaluation form are as follows:
1. Go to www.p12.nysed.gov/osa/teacher/evaluation.html.
3. Complete the required demographic fields.
4. Complete each evaluation question and provide comments in the space provided.
5. Click the SUBMIT button at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form.
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
Map to Core Curriculum January 2011 Living Environment Question Numbers Standards Part B–1 Part B–2
Living Environment Jan. ’11 Rating Guide
Direct-to-consumer advertisements for prescription drugs: whatare Americans being sold? Steven Woloshin, Lisa M Schwartz, Jennifer Tremmel, H Gilbert Welch prescription drug appeared in Reader’s Digest in 1981billion on direct-to-consumer advertisements forprescription drugs in 1999. Our aim was to establish whatadvertisements were published, and the US Food andmessages are being commun
Vasculiti.it Paolo Greco, Augusto Vaglio, Lucio Manenti, Carlo Buzio Dipartimento di Clinica Medica, Nefrologia e Scienze della Prevenzione, Università degli Studi di Parma INTRODUZIONE La fibrosi retroperitoneale (FR) si può definire come una malattia del connettivo ed è caratterizzata dallo sviluppo di un tessuto fibro-infiammatorio a livello retroperitoneale (1, 2). La